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Electronic Flora of South Australia Species Fact Sheet
Phylum Rhodophyta – Family Rhodomelaceae – Tribe Chondrieae
Synonyms
Chondria rubra Harvey 1863: pl. 280, figs 1, 2 (not figs 3, 4 = Hypnea ramentacea), synop.: xix. Falkenberg 1901: 209.
Rhododactylis rubra (Harvey) J. Agardh 1876: 568 (in part); 1897: 46 (in part). De Toni 1900: 486 (in part). Lucas 1909: 31. May 1965: 393.
Husseyella rubra (Harvey) Gordon-Mills & Womersley 1984a: 147, figs 1–24.
Chondriopsis corallorhiza J. Agardh 1885: 92; 1892: 153. Tisdall 1898: 514.
Chondria corallorhiza (J. Agardh) Falkenberg 1901: 720. De Toni 1903: 844. Lucas 1909: 40.
Rhodomela erinacea J. Agardh 1885: 96. De Toni 1903: 1133. Lucas 1909: 47. May 1965: 375.
Laurencia casuarina J. Agardh 1896: 109, in part. De Toni 1903: 781. Lucas 1909: 38; 1929b: 50. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 247. Reinbold 1898: 49. Saito & Womersley 1974: 848. Yamada 1931: 231, pl. 19b.
Husseya australis J. Agardh 1901: 123. De Toni 1924: 386. Kylin 1956: 549. Shepherd & Womersley 1981: 368. Svedelius 1911: 245.
Husseyella australis (J. Agardh) Papenfuss 1958: 105. May 1965: 384.
Rytiphlaea compressa J. Agardh 1885: 106. De Toni 1903: 1097. May 1965: 397.
Thallus (Fig. 183A) dark brown-red, 15–30 cm high, irregularly branched for 3–4 orders, branches terete, lower axes 1.5–2 (–5) mm in diameter, grading to 0.5–1 mm in ultimate branchlets, axillary branchlets frequent; active branch apices depressed, when mature rounded, with prominent trichoblasts when young. Holdfast discoid, 4–5 mm across, becoming fibrous; epilithic. Structure. Apical cells hemispherical, 15–20 µm in diameter, with a short apical filament then broadening suddenly. Pericentral cells 5 (Fig. 183B), equal in length to the axial cells, cortex broad and with 3–4 additional rings of larger cells (Fig. 183C) separated by abundant development of rhizoids; the epidermis remains meristematic forming an extensive secondary cortex of small cells, sometimes with apparent growth rings. Epidermal cells 25–50 µm in diameter, L/D 1–1.5 when young, later elongate and L/D 2–6; on secondary thickened axes, outer cells isodiametric and about 100 µm in diameter. Cell wall thickenings (Fig. 183D, E) present on the pericentral cells and sometimes cells of the next outer ring, increasing from strips to caps or rings, becoming massive and almost filling the cell (Fig. 183E). Trichoblasts 0.5–1 mm long. Cells with discoid to elongate rhodoplasts, chained in larger cells.
Reproduction: Procarps on the suprabasal cell of trichoblasts of short axillary branchlets. Carposporophytes with an erect fusion cell and short, branched gonimoblast with clavate terminal carposporangia 90–100 µm in diameter. Cystocarps (Fig. 183F) with short stalks, ovoid with a small basal protrusion, 1–1.4 mm in diameter; pericarp ostiolate, lightly corticated, 150–200 µm thick. Spermatangial organs unknown.
Tetrasporangial branches (Fig. 183G) in axillary clusters, 2–5 mm long and 700–1200 µm in diameter, tetrasporangia cut off from pericentral cells, 80–170 µm in diameter.
Type from W. Aust. (Clifton), probably near Fremantle; holotype in Herb. Harvey, TCD.
Selected specimens: Head of Great Australian Bight, S. Aust., drift (Womersley, 4.ii.1954; AD, A19202). Aldinga, S. Aust., drift (Womersley, 14.ix.1996; AD, A66316). Victor Harbor, S. Aust., drift (Womersley, 17.x.1948; AD, A9247). Stinky Bay, Nora Creina, S. Aust., drift (Womersley, 26.x.1996; AD, A67110). Blackfellows Caves, S. Aust., 1.5–2 m deep (Welbourne, 10.ix.1993; AD, A63008). 600 m off Middle Point, Cape Northumberland, S. Aust., 5 m deep (Johnson & Shepherd, 19.iii.1974; AD, A44950).
Distribution: W. Aust. (Fremantle? or Geographe Bay) to Cape Northumberland, S. Australia.
Taxonomic notes: Husseya rubra (as Husseyella) was discussed by Gordon-Mills & Womersley (1984a), who clarified the numerous synonyms (mainly based on specimens from Geographe Bay, W. Aust., or Encounter Bay, S. Aust.).
References:
AGARDH, J.G. (1876). Species Genera et Ordines Algarum. Vol. 3, Part 1 - Epicrisis systematis Floridearum, pp. i-vii, 1–724. (Weigel: Leipzig.)
AGARDH, J.G. (1885). Till algernes systematik. VII. Florideae. Acta Univ. lund. 21, 1–120, Plate 1.
AGARDH, J.G. (1892). Analecta Algologica. Acta Univ. lund. 28, 1–182, Plates 1–3.
AGARDH, J.G. (1896). Analecta Algologica. Cont. III. Acta Univ. lund. 32, 1–140, Plate 1.
AGARDH, J.G. (1897). Analecta Algologica. Cont. IV. Acta Univ. lund. 33, 1–106, Plates 1, 2.
AGARDH, J.G. (1901). Species Genera et Ordines Algarum. Vol. 3, Part 4, pp. 1–149. (Gleerup: Lund.)
DE TONI, G.B. (1900). Sylloge Algarum omnium hucusque Cognitarum. Vol. 4. Florideae. Sect. 2. pp. 387–776. (Padua.)
DE TONI, G.B. (1903). Sylloge Algarum omnium hucusque Cognitarum. Vol. 4. Florideae. Sect. 3. pp. 775–1521 + 1523–1525. (Padua.)
DE TONI, G.B. (1924). Sylloge Algarum omnium hucusque Cognitarum. Vol. 6. Florideae. (Padua.)
FALKENBERG, P. (1901). Die Rhodomelaceen des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-abschnitte. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel. Monogr. 26. (Friedländer: Berlin.)
GORDON-MILLS, E.M. & WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1984a). The morphology and relationships of Husseyella rubra (Harvey)comb. nov. (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 23, 147–159.
HARVEY, W.H. (1863). Phycologia Australica. Vol. 5, Plates 241–300, synop., pp. i-lxxiii. (Reeve: London.)
KYLIN, H. (1956). Die Gattungen der Rhodophyceen. (Gleerups: Lund.)
LUCAS, A.H.S. & PERRIN, F. (1947). The Seaweeds of South Australia. Part 2. The Red Seaweeds. (Govt Printer: Adelaide.)
LUCAS, A.H.S. (1909). Revised list of the Fucoideae and Florideae of Australia. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 34, 9–60.
LUCAS, A.H.S. (1929b). A census of the marine algae of South Australia. Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 53, 45–53.
MAY, V. (1965). A census and key to the species of Rhodophyceae (red algae) recorded from Australia. Contr. N.S. W. Natl Herb. 3, 349–429.
PAPENFUSS, G.F. (1958). Notes on algal nomenclature. IV. Taxon 7, 104–109.
REINBOLD, T. (1898). Die Algen der Lacepede und Guichen Bay (Süd Australien) und deren näherer Umgebung, gesammelt von Dr. A. Engelhart-Kingston. II. Nuova Notarisia 9, 33–54.
SAITO, Y. & WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1974). The southern Australian species of Laurencia (Ceramiales: Rhodophyta). Aust. J. Bot. 22, 815–874.
SHEPHERD, S.A. & WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1981). The algal and seagrass ecology of Waterloo Bay, South Australia. Aquat. Bot. 11, 305–371.
SILVA, P.C., BASSON, P.W. & MOE, R.L. (1996). Catalogue of the Benthic Marine Algae of the Indian Ocean. (Univ. California Press: Berkeley.)
SVEDELIUS, N. (1911). Rhodophyceae. In Engler, A. & Prantl, K., Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, Nachträge zum I. Th., 2 Abteil, 189–284.
TISDALL, H.T. (1898). The algae of Victoria. Rep. 7th Meet. Aust. Ass. Adv. Sci., Sydney, 1898, pp. 493–516.
YAMADA, Y. (1931). Notes on Laurencia, with special reference to the Japanese species. Univ. Calif Pubis Bot. 16, 185–311.
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIID complete list of references.
Publication:
Womersley, H.B.S. (24 February, 2003)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Rhodophyta. Part IIID. Ceramiales – Delesseriaceae, Sarcomeniaceae, Rhodomelaceae
Reproduced with permission from The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIID 2003, by H.B.S. Womersley. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Copyright Commonwealth of Australia.
Illustration in Womersley Part IIIA, 2003: FIG. 183.
Figure 183 enlarge
Fig. 183. Husseya rubra (A, G, AD, A67110; B, C, AD, A66316; D, E, AD, A19202; F, AD, A63008). A. Habit. B. Transverse section of young branch. C. Transverse section of older branch. D. Longitudinal branch view of cell wall thickenings. E. Transverse section showing thickenings in pericentral and larger inner cortical cells. F. Branches with cystocarps. G. Cluster of tetrasporangial branches.
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