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Electronic Flora of South Australia Species Fact Sheet

Chondria incrassata (J. Agardh) Gordon-Mills & Womersley 1987: 517, figs 13C, 14.

Phylum Rhodophyta – Family Rhodomelaceae – Tribe Chondrieae

Selected citations: Millar & Wynne 1992c: 428.

Synonyms

Coeloclonium incrassatum J. Agardh 1876: 641. De Toni 1903: 826. Guiler 1952: 104. Lucas 1909: 40; 1929a: 21; 1929b: 51. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 257. May 1965: 383. Reinbold 1898: 49. Sonder 1880: 29.

Chondria clavata dendroides Harvey 1863, synop.: xviii (nom. nudum).

Chondriopsis ovalifolia J. Agardh 1890: 48; 1892: 159. Tisdall 1898: 514. Wilson 1892: 168.

Chondria ovalifolia (J. Agardh) De Toni 1903: 839. Guiler 1952: 104. Lucas 1909: 40. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 260.

Dolichoscelis disticha J. Agardh 1899: 120. De Toni 1903: 828. Lucas 1909: 40. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 257.

Thallus (Fig. 200A) dark red-brown, robust, 10–30 (–40) cm high, with one to several strongly developed erect axes bearing often clustered laterals for 3–4 orders, branching first radial, later more-or-less distichous and often axillary from slightly compressed (Fig. 200B) parent branches, axes 2–4 (–5) mm broad (breadth/thickness 1.5–2), lesser branchlets terete, 0.8–2 (–2.5) mm in diameter. Holdfast discoid to lobed, 0.5–3 cm across; epilithic. Structure. Apices depressed, developing 5 pericentral cells and a broad cortex becoming more extensive laterally (Fig. 200B) as branches become compressed; epidermal cells (20–) 30–60 (–85) µm in diameter and LID 1–1.5 (–2). Mature branches with rhizoids around the pericentral and inner cortical cells. Cell wall thickenings (Fig. 200C) usually present in lower main axes, as lenticular patches or slightly lobed bands. Trichoblasts profuse at apices. Cells multinucleate; rhodoplasts discoid, chained in larger cells.

Reproduction: Gametophytes dioecious. Procarps not observed. Carposporophytes with a basal branched fusion cell and branched gonimoblast with clavate terminal carposporangia 80–120 µm in diameter. Cystocarps (Fig. 200D) ovoid to slightly urceolate, subsessile, 1–2 mm in diameter, sometimes with flared necks, without a spur; pericarp ostiolate, corticated, 3–5 cells thick, especially at the neck. Spermatangial plates (Fig. 200E) discoid, 500–800 µm across, with sterile margins mostly one cell broad.

Tetrasporangia (Fig. 200F) in lesser terete branchlets, on one pericentral per axial cell, 100–250 µm in diameter.

Type from Orford, Tas. (Meredith); lectotype in Herb. Agardh, LD, 36159, plus 4-isolectotypes.

Selected specimens: Elliston, S. Aust., 10–11 m deep in bay (Shepherd, 20.x.1969; AD, A35027). Port Elliot, S. Aust., drift (Womersley, 14.xii.1957; AD, A21326). Margaret Brock Reef, Cape Jaffa, S. Aust., 3–5 m deep (R. Lewis, 29.xi.1972; AD, A42904). Robe, S. Aust., drift (Womersley, 14.xi.1955; AD, A19992 and 6.xi.1965; AD, A29638). 1.3 km off Cape Northumberland, S. Aust., 15 m deep (Shepherd, 2.i.1978; AD, A50519). Port MacDonnell, S. Aust., drift (Womersley, 16.x.1985; AD, A56995). Port Phillip Heads, Vic. (Wilson 20, 5.ii.1886; LD, 37951). Walkerville, Vic., drift (Sinkora A1833, 6.xii.1973; AD, A53526 and MEL, 608649). Currie R., Tas. (Perrin, Sept. 1934; HO, 66136). Eddystone, Tas. (Perrin, Nov. 1944; AD, A53766 and HO, 66138). S Charlotte Cove, D'Entrecasteaux Ch., Tas., 3–4 m deep (Pope, 1.x.1983; AD, A55311). Fluted Cape, Bruny I., Tas., 23 m deep (Shepherd, 12.ii.1972; AD, A41928). Lady Bay, Southport, Tas., 1–5 m deep (Brown & Womersley, 28.x. I 982; AD, A53691-"Marine Algae of southern Australia" No. 304).


Distribution map based
on current data relating to
specimens held in the
State Herbarium of SA

Distribution: Elliston, S. Aust., to Walkerville, Vic., and around Tasmania.

Taxonomic notes: Chondria incrassata is a distinctive and robust member of the genus, known from 1–23 m deep on rough-water coasts.

References:

AGARDH, J.G. (1876). Species Genera et Ordines Algarum. Vol. 3, Part 1 - Epicrisis systematis Floridearum, pp. i-vii, 1–724. (Weigel: Leipzig.)

AGARDH, J.G. (1890). Till algernes systematik. Acta Univ. lund. 26(3), 1–125, Plates 1–3.

AGARDH, J.G. (1892). Analecta Algologica. Acta Univ. lund. 28, 1–182, Plates 1–3.

AGARDH, J.G. (1899). Analecta Algologica. Cont. V. Acta Univ. lund. 35, 1–160, Plates 1–3.

DE TONI, G.B. (1903). Sylloge Algarum omnium hucusque Cognitarum. Vol. 4. Florideae. Sect. 3. pp. 775–1521 + 1523–1525. (Padua.)

GORDON-MILLS, E.M. & WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1987). The genus Chondria C. Agardh (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) in southern Australia. Aust. J. Bot. 35, 477–565.

GUILER, E.R. (1952). The marine algae of Tasmania. Checklist with localities. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasmania 86, 71–106.

HARVEY, W.H. (1863). Phycologia Australica. Vol. 5, Plates 241–300, synop., pp. i-lxxiii. (Reeve: London.)

LUCAS, A.H.S. & PERRIN, F. (1947). The Seaweeds of South Australia. Part 2. The Red Seaweeds. (Govt Printer: Adelaide.)

LUCAS, A.H.S. (1909). Revised list of the Fucoideae and Florideae of Australia. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 34, 9–60.

LUCAS, A.H.S. (1929a). The marine algae of Tasmania. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 1928, 6–27.

LUCAS, A.H.S. (1929b). A census of the marine algae of South Australia. Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 53, 45–53.

MAY, V. (1965). A census and key to the species of Rhodophyceae (red algae) recorded from Australia. Contr. N.S. W. Natl Herb. 3, 349–429.

MILLAR, A.J.K. & WYNNE, M.J. (1992c). Chondria viticulosa sp. nov. (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta), a distinctly flattened species from south-eastern Queensland, Australia. Aust. Syst. Bot. 5, 421–429.

REINBOLD, T. (1898). Die Algen der Lacepede und Guichen Bay (Süd Australien) und deren näherer Umgebung, gesammelt von Dr. A. Engelhart-Kingston. II. Nuova Notarisia 9, 33–54.

SONDER, O.W. (1880). In Mueller, F., Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. Supplementum ad volumen undecinum: Algae Australianae hactenus cognitae, pp. 1–42, 105–107. (Melbourne.)

TISDALL, H.T. (1898). The algae of Victoria. Rep. 7th Meet. Aust. Ass. Adv. Sci., Sydney, 1898, pp. 493–516.

WILSON, J.B. (1892). Catalogue of algae collected at or near Port Phillip Heads and Western Port. Proc. R. Soc. Viet. 4, 157–190.

The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIID complete list of references.

Publication: Womersley, H.B.S. (24 February, 2003)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Rhodophyta. Part IIID. Ceramiales – Delesseriaceae, Sarcomeniaceae, Rhodomelaceae
Reproduced with permission from The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIID 2003, by H.B.S. Womersley. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Copyright Commonwealth of Australia.


Illustration in Womersley Part IIIA, 2003: FIG. 200.

Figure 200 image

Figure 200   enlarge

Fig. 200. Chondria incrassata (A, AD, A56995; B, AD, A50519; C, AD, A35027; D, AD, A41928; E, AD, A55311; F, AD, A21326). A. Habit. B. Transverse section of branch. C. Transverse section with wall thickenings in pericentral cells. D. Cystocarp. E. Spermatangial plate. F. Branch with tetrasporangia.


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