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Electronic Flora of South Australia Species Fact Sheet
Phylum Rhodophyta – Order Ceramiales – Family Ceramiaceae – Tribe Callithamnieae
Synonyms
Thamnocarpus griffithsioides J. Agardh 1897: 34. De Toni 1903: 1520.
Callithamnion griffithsioides (J. Agardh) Kylin 1956: 398 [NON Sonder 1855: 512 (Anotrichium griffithsioides) and Solier in Kützing 1861: 22, pl. 66d–f (a Griffithsia)].
Thallus (Fig. 109A) erect, red-brown, 3–8 cm high, with a main axis and lateral branches alternately distichous with 2–3 orders of branching, branchlets alternately pinnate (Fig. 109B), ecorticate above but developing an adherent rhizoidal cortex (Fig. 109B, C) of filaments arising from the basal cells of laterals and growing downwards within the wall sheath of axial cells. Attachment probably rhizoidal; probably epilithic. Structure. Lower axes 200–350 µm in diameter, axial cells 100–150 µm in diameter and L/D 1.5–3, adherent rhizoidal cells (10–) 15–25 µm in diameter and L/D 2–4 (–6); branchlet pinnules mostly simple (Fig. 109D), with lower cells 45–110 µm in diameter and L/D (1–) 1.5–2 (–3), tapering slightly to cells 35–55 µm in diameter and L/D 1.5–2 at 3–4 cells from their apices, then to small spinous end cells (often lost leaving a cell with a rounded end). Cells uninucleate(?); rhodoplasts discoid.
Reproduction: Carpogonial branches and early stages unknown. Carposporophytes with rounded lobes, carposporangia 20–30 µm across, with curved involucral branches from cells just below the carposporophyte. Spermatangia unknown.
Tetrasporangia (Fig. 109D) on short pedicels on the pinnules, often 2–3 per pedicel, subspherical, 30–45 µm in diameter, tetrahedrally divided.
Type from Port Phillip Heads, Vic.; (Wilson, 5.ii.1890); lectotype in Herb. Agardh, LD, 20191.
Selected specimens: Warrnambool, Vic., drift (Womersley, 13.iv.1959; AD, A22945).
Distribution: Known only from the type and Warrnambool, Vic.
Taxonomic notes: C. pinnatum appears to be a rare but distinctive species, known from only 2 collections. The LD specimens are both tetrasporangial and AD, A22945 is cystocarpic, but carpogonial branches have not been seen. The cells appear to be uninucleate, but confirmation of twinned supporting cells and carposporophytes is needed.
C. pinnatum shows some similarity to A. gallicum (Nägeli) Halos (see Maggs & Hommersand 1993, p. 99, fig. 33) in its pinnate branching and corticated axes, but differs in having pedicellate tetrasporangia, shorter cells of the branchlets, and carposporophytes probably involucrate.
References:
AGARDH, J.G. (1897). Analecta Algologica. Cont. IV. Acta Univ. lund. 33, 1–106, Plates 1, 2.
DE TONI, G.B. (1903). Sylloge Algarum omnium hucusque Cognitarum. Vol. 4. Florideae. Sect. 3, pp. 775–1521 + 1523–1525. (Padua.)
KÜTZING, F.T. (1861). Tabulae Phycologicae. Vol. 11. (Nordhausen.)
KYLIN, H. (1956). Die Gattungen der Rhodophyceen. (Gleerups: Lund.)
MAGGS, C.A. & HOMMERSAND, M.H. (1993). Seaweeds of the British Isles. Vol. 1. Rhodophyta. Part 3A, Ceramiales. (HMSO: London.)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIIC complete list of references.
Publication:
Womersley, H.B.S. (24 December, 1998)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Rhodophyta. Part IIIC. Ceramiales – Ceramiaceae, Dasyaceae
©State Herbarium of South Australia, Government of South Australia
Illustration in Womersley Part IIIA, 1998: FIG. 109.
Figure 109 enlarge
Fig. 109. Callithumnion pinnatum (A, AD, A22945; B–D, AD, A 18379). A. Habit. B. Corticated axis with ecorticate pinnate lateral branchlets. C. Older corticated axes. D. Branchlet with pedicellate tetrasporangia.
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