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Electronic Flora of South Australia Species Fact Sheet
Phylum Rhodophyta – Class Florideophyceae – Order Corallinales – Family Corallinaceae – Subfamily Corallinoideae – Tribe Janieae
Selected citations: Adams 1972: 75; 1994: 157, pl. 54 upper right. Adams et al. 1974: 219. Areschoug 1852: 555. Chapman & Parkinson 1974: 175, pl. 58A. De Toni 1905: 1855. De Toni & Forti 1923: 63. Guiler 1952: 86. Harvey 1849a: 107; 1855a: 547; 1859b: 310; 1863, synop.: xxix. Huisman & Walker 1990: 412. Johansen & Womersley 1994: 611, figs 6–9, 32–36. Kützing 1849: 710. Levring 1946: 221. Lucas 1929a: 27; 1929b: 53. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 397. Sonder 1881: 21. Tisdall 1898: 508. Wilson 1892: 176. Womersley 1953: 37. Yendo 1905: 38.
Synonyms
Jania antennina Kützing 1843: 389; 1849: 710. Harvey 1849: 107. Sonder 1848: 186. Yendo 1905: 38.
Corallina antennina (Kützing) Kützing 1858: 40, pl. 84a, b, d (not c).
Jania micrarthrodia var. 13 antennina (Kützing) Areschoug 1852: 555.
Jania micrarthrodia f. antennina (Kützing) Yendo 1905: 38.
Jania fastigiata Harvey 1849a: 107; 1863, synop.: xxix, pl. 251 (Australian specimens). King et al. 1971: 121. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 397, fig 201. Sonder 1881: 21. Tisdall 1898: 508. Wilson 1892: 176. Womersley 1950: 167; 1966: 146.
Jania tenuissima Sonder 1848: 186; 1853: 687; 1855: 521; 1871: 54. Harvey 1849a: 106, pl. 40 centre left. Kützing 1849: 710.
Jania micrarthrodia var. a tenuissima (Sonder) Areschoug 1852: 555. Sonder 1881: 21.
Corallina micrarthrodia (Lamouroux) Reinbold 1899: 51.
Corallina tenuissima (Sonder) Kützing 1858: 40, pl. 84 fig. III.
Corallina constricta Kützing 1858: 40, pl. 84e-h. De Toni 1905: 1852. Yendo 1905: 40.
Jania rubens (Linnaeus) Lamouroux sensu Lucas 1929b: 53. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 398. Ducker et al. 1977: 86.
Thallus (Fig. 136A, B) pink to medium red or red-brown, fading to grey-red, densely tufted, 2–4 (–6) cm high. Fronds dichotomous every (2–) 5–18 (–22) intergenicula, complanate or branched in various planes. Intergenicula terete, 120–200 (–250) µm in diameter below, tapering to 80–120 µm in diameter near the apices, (70–) 100–200 (–250) µm long, L/D 1–3. Propagules absent. Holdfast at first discoid, 0.5–4 mm in diameter, bearing several erect branches which may produce recurved tendrils 50–160 µm in diameter; in calm waters, secondary holdfasts form when branch tips contact host or other branches; epiphytic (on larger brown algae, especially Cystophora, and the seagrass Amphibolis) or occasionally epilithic and comprising turfs in the lower intertidal zone. Structure. Medullary cells in 1 (–2) tiers (Fig. 136C) per intergeniculum; hairs common in a ring around upper edge of intergeniculum. Genicula 60–120 (–180) µm long (often longer than intergenicular medullary cells).
Reproduction: Gametangial thalli dioecious. Female conceptacles (Fig. 136D) amphoroid, externally 250–400 µm long and 250–400 µm in diameter, internal diameter 150–240 µm, with a thick fusion cell (Fig. 136E); carposporangia subspherical, 40–65 (–80) µm in diameter. Male conceptacles (Fig. 136F, G) fusiform, externally 400–650 (–800) µm long and 200–320 (–400) µm in diameter, internally 140–250 (–320) µm in diameter, pore canals 80–170 µm long.
Tetrasporangial conceptacles (Fig. 136H) amphoroid, externally 350–500 (–550) µm long and (200–) 250–450 µm in diameter, internal diameter 200–370 µm, mature tetrasporangia 120–240 µm long and 45–65 (–90) µm in diameter.
Type `sur les Fucus de l'Australasie'; holotype in Herb. Lamouroux, CN.
Selected specimens: Point Moore, Geraldton, W. Aust., drift (Womersley, 17.ix.1979; AD, A51175). Point Valliant, Two People Bay, W. Aust., 1–4 m deep on Amphibolis (Clarke & Engler, 30.viii.1979; AD, A50968). Point Sinclair, S. Aust., lower eulittoral on granite (Womersley, 8.ii.1954; AD, A19557). Coffin Bay, S. Aust., 5–6 m deep on Posidonia sinuosa (Womersley, 4.xii.1975; AD, A46954 -"Marine Algae of southern Australia" No. 334). Pondalowie Bay, S. Aust., (Johansen 81–9–59b, 19.ix.1981; CUW 7260). Gleeson Landing, Yorke Pen., S. Aust., on Cystophora subfarcinata, drift (Womersley, 15.x.1989; AD, A59923). Dany Beach, Corny Point, S. Aust., drift on Posidonia sinuosa (Womersley, 15.x.1989; AD, A59894). Shell Rock, West I., S. Aust., 3–6 m deep (Shepherd, 27.xii.1965; AD, A30400). Rosetta Bay, Victor Harbor, S. Aust., drift on C. subfarcinata (Womersley, 17.ix.1989; AD, A59706). Pelican Lagoon, American R. inlet, Kangaroo I., S. Aust., 0.5–1 m deep on Posidonia australis (Womersley, 7.i.1990; AD, A60103). Pennington Bay, Kangaroo I., S. Aust., on C. subfarcinata (Womersley, 6.i.1990; AD, A60044 -"Marine Algae of southern Australia" No. 340). Nora Creina, S. Aust., on Cladostephus, upper sublittoral (Johansen 81–9–30, 5.ix.1981; AD, A52578). Bridgewater Bay, Vic., on Cystophora subfarcinata, lower eulittoral (Beauglehole, 5.vi.1949; AD, Al2023). San Remo, Vie., uppermost sublittoral on Heterozostera (Womersley, 17.ii.1990; AD, A60086 -"Marine Algae of southern Australia" No. 334C). Walkerville, Vic., low eulittoral on Cladostephus (Pope & Bennett, 19.v.1949; AD, Al2204). Currie River mouth, Tas., on Cystophora torulosa, low eulittoral pools (Womersley, 28.i.1949; AD, A10305). Bicheno, Tas., epilithic, lower eulittoral (Womersley, 4.xi.1982; AD, A56459).
Distribution: Geraldton, W. Aust., to Walkerville, Vic., and around Tasmania, N.S.W. (Millar & Kraft 1993, p. 14).
New Zealand.
Taxonomic notes: Jania micrarthrodia and J. minuta are the only species of Corallinoideae where most intergenicula contain single tiers (occasionally two) of medullary cells. Jania micrarthrodia is common on larger brown algae, especially on species of Cystophora on rough-water coasts. Epilithic plants are apparently less common than epiphytic plants, and the former are slightly more variable in intergenicular length. Although branching in Jania micrarthrodia is often fastigiate, it sometimes becomes divaricate, the angle appearing to depend on wave intensity, with wider angles in calm water and narrower in rough water.
Jania micrarthrodia epiphytic on Cystophora on rough-water coasts has short and relatively broad intergenicula, as described and illustrated by Lamouroux (1816, p. 271, pl. 9 fig. 5B) for the type. Under calmer conditions, what appears to be a form of this species (corresponding to Jania tenuissima Sonder; lectotype from `Occid. Nov. Holl.', in MEL, 47436) is epiphytic on seagrasses and other algae, and has longer and more slender intergenicula. These two forms appear to be the extremes dependent on water movement, and connected by intermediate forms in moderate water movement.
The type of J. antennina Kützing (from `Neuholland', Preiss, L, 941, 119...4) is a typical specimen of J. micrarthrodia, with intergenicular L/D ratios of about 2. The type specimens of two other species from Australia, J. tennuisima Sonder and Corallina constricta Kützing, also belong to this species, although the intergenicula are slightly longer than in most specimens of J. micrarthrodia, with L/D ratios of 2–3.
References:
ADAMS, N.M. (1972). The marine algae of the Wellington area. A list of species. Rec. Dom. Mus. (Wellington) 8(5), 43–98.
ADAMS, N.M. (1994). Seaweeds of New Zealand. (Cant. Univ. Press: Christchurch.)
ADAMS, N.M., CONWAY, E. & NORRIS, R.E. (1974). The marine algae of Stewart Island. A list of species. Rec. Dom. Mus. (Wellington) 8(14), 185–245.
ARESCHOUG, J.E. (1852). Ordo XII. Corallineae. In J.G. Agardh, "Species, Genera et Ordines Algarum". Vol. 2, Part 2, pp. 506–576. (Gleerup: Lund.)
CHAPMAN, V.J. & PARKINSON, P.G. (1974). The marine algae of New Zealand. Part III: Rhodophyceae. Issue 3: Cryptonemiales, pp. 155–278, Plates 51–94. (Cramer: Germany.)
DE TONI, G.B. & FORTI, A. (1923). Alghe di Australia, Tasmania e Nouva Zelanda. Mem. R. Inst. Veneto Sci., Lett. Arti 29, 1–183, Plates 1–10.
DE TONI, G.B. (1905). Sylloge Algarum omnium hucusque Cognitarum. Vol. 4. Florideae. Sect. 4, pp. 1523–1973. (Padua.)
DUCKER, S.C., FOORD, N.J. & KNOX, R.B. (1977). Biology of Australian Seagrasses: the genus Amphibolis C. Agardh (Cymodoceaceae). Aust. J. Bot. 25, 67–95.
GUILER, E.R. (1952). The marine algae of Tasmania. Check List with localities. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 86, 71–106.
HARVEY, W.H. (1849a). Nereis Australis, pp. 65–124, Plates 26–50. (Reeve: London.)
HARVEY, W.H. (1855a). Some account of the marine botany of the colony of Western Australia. Trans. R. Ir. Acad. 22, 525–566.
HARVEY, W.H. (1859b). Algae. In Hooker, J.D., The Botany of the Antarctic Voyage. HI Flora Tasmaniae. Vol. II, pp. 282–320. (Reeve: London.)
HARVEY, W.H. (1863). Phycologia Australica. Vol. 5, Plates 241–300, synop., pp. i-lxxiii. (Reeve: London.)
HUISMAN, J.M. & WALKER, D.I. (1990). A catalogue of the marine plants of Rottnest Island, Western Australia, with notes on their distribution and biogeography. Kingia 1, 349–459.
JOHANSEN, H.W. & WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1994). Jania (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in southern Australia. Aust. Syst. Bot. 7, 605–625.
KÜTZING, F.T. (1843). Phycologia generalis. (Leipzig.)
KÜTZING, F.T. (1849). Species Algarum. (Leipzig.)
KÜTZING, F.T. (1858). Tabulae Phycologicae. Vol. 8. (Nordhausen.)
KING, R.J., BLACK, J.H. & DUCKER, S.C. (1971). Intertidal ecology of Port Phillip Bay with systematic lists of plants and animals. Mem. Nat. Mus. Vic. 32, 93–128, charts 1, 2.
LAMOUROUX, J.V.F. (1816). Histoire des Polypiers Coralligènes Flexibles. (Poisson: Caen.)
LAMOUROUX, J.V.F. (1821). Exposition Methodique des Genres de l'Ordre des Polypiers ... des Zoophytes d'Ellis et Solander. (Veuve Agasse: Paris.)
LEVRING, T. (1946). A list of marine algae from Australia and Tasmania. Acta Horti gothoburg 16, 215–227.
LUCAS, A.H.S. & PERRIN, F. (1947). The Seaweeds of South Australia. Part 2. The Red Seaweeds. (Govt Printer: Adelaide.)
LUCAS, A.H.S. (1929a). The marine algae of Tasmania. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 1928, 6–27.
LUCAS, A.H.S. (1929b). A census of the marine algae of South Australia. Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 53, 45–53.
MILLAR, A.J.K. & KRAFT, G.T. (1993). Catalogue of Marine and Freshwater Red Algae (Rhodophyta) of New South Wales, including Lord Howe Island, South-western Pacific. Aust. Syst. Bot. 6, 1–90.
REINBOLD, T. (1899). Meeresalgen von Investigator Street (Slid Australien), gesammelt von Miss Nellie Davey (Waltham, Honiton). Hedwigia 38, 39–51.
SONDER, O.W. (1848). Algae. In Lehmann, C., Plantae Preissianae. Vol. 2, pp. 161–195. (Hamburg.)
SONDER, O.W. (1853). Plantae Muellerianae. Algae. Linnaea 25, 657–709.
SONDER, O.W. (1855). Algae annis 1852 et 1853 collectae. Linnaea 26, 506–528.
SONDER, O.W. (1871). Die Algen des tropischen Australiens. Abh. Nat. Ver. Hamburg 5, 33–74, Plates 1–6.
SONDER, O.W. (1881). In Mueller, F., Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. Supplementum ad volumen undecinum: Algae Australianae hactenus cognitae, pp. 1–42, 105–107. (Melbourne.)
TISDALL, H.T. (1898). The algae of Victoria. Rep. 7th Meet. Aust. Ass. Adv. Sci., Sydney, 1898, pp. 493–516.
WILSON, J.B. (1892). Catalogue of algae collected at or near Port Phillip Heads and Western Port. Proc. R. Soc. Vict. 4, 157–190.
WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1950). The marine algae of Kangaroo Island. III. List of Species 1. Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 73, 137–197.
WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1953). The Archipelago of the Recherche. 3b. Marine Algae. Aust. Geogr. Soc. Rep. No. 1, Part 3B, pp. 36–38.
WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1966). Port Phillip survey, 1957–1963: Algae. Mem. natn. Mus., Vict. No. 27, 133–156.
YENDO, K. (1905). A revised list of Corallinae. J. Coll. Sci., Imp. Univ. Tokyo 20 (12), 1–46.
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIIB complete list of references.
Publication:
Womersley, H.B.S. (28 June, 1996)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Rhodophyta. Part IIIB. Gracilarialse, Rhodymeniales, Corallinales and Bonnemaisoniales
Reproduced with permission from The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIIB 1996, by H.B.S. Womersley. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Copyright Commonwealth of Australia.
Illustration in Womersley Part IIIA, 1996: FIG. 136.
Figure 136 enlarge
Fig. 136. Jania micrarthrodia (A, B, D–G, AD, A60044; C, AD, A59923; H, AD, A30400). A. Plants epiphytic on Cystophora subfarcinata. B. Tetrasporangial thallus. C. Longitudinal section of branch showing short intergenicula. D. Branches with carposporangial conceptacles. E. Fusion cell with young carposporangial filaments. F. Male conceptacles. G. Longitudinal section of male conceptacle. H. Tetrasporangial conceptacles.
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