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Electronic Flora of South Australia Species Fact Sheet
Phylum Rhodophyta – Class Florideophyceae – Order Rhodymeniales – Family Champiaceae
Selected citations: Chapman & Dromgoole 1970: 145. De Toni 1900a: 75, pl. 5 fig. 2; 1900b: 559. Guiler 1952: 94. Harvey 1855a: 545; 1859b: 307; 1863, synop.: xxvii. Kylin 1931: 28. Lucas 1929b: 50. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 206, fig. 71. May 1965: 362. Reedman & Womersley 1976: 82, figs 3, 4, 11B, 12. Reinbold 1897: 53; 1899: 45. Sonder 1881: 17. Tisdall 1898: 506. Wilson 1892: 180. Womersley 1950: 176.
Synonyms
Chylocladia affinis Hooker & Harvey 1847: 402. Harvey 1849: 79, pl. 29 lower.
Lomentaria affinis (Hooker & Harvey) Kützing 1849: 863; 1865: 31, pl. 86d-f. J. Agardh 1852: 730. Sonder 1853: 693.
Gastroclonium affine (Hooker & Harvey) Kützing 1849: 866.
Champia obsoleta Harvey 1859b: 307; 1863, synop.: xxvii. J. Agardh 1876: 304. De Toni 1900a: 75, pl. 5 fig. 3; 1900b: 559. Guiler 1952: 94. Kylin 1931: 28, pl. 15 fig. 35. Lucas 1929b: 50. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 206. May 1965: 362. Reinbold 1898: 46. Sonder 1881: 17. Tisdall 1898: 506. Womersley 1950: 176; 1966: 150.
Thallus (Fig. 52A) grey-red to purple, 4–15 (–40) cm high, with one to several main pyramidal fronds, axes densely and irregularly radially branched for 3–4 orders, often denuded below; axes 1–3.5 mm in diameter, laterals 0.5–1.5 mm and lesser branches 0.2–0.5 mm in diameter, all basally constricted and tapering to rounded apices, terete to slightly compressed; diaphragms distinct in lesser branches, obscured in older parts, (0.5–) 1–1.5 (–2) mm apart, branches constricted at diaphragms except when old. Holdfast discoid, 1–4 mm across, becoming stoloniferous; epilithic or on Amphibolis (rarely Posidonia). Structure multiaxial with a ring of initials, developing a cortex (Fig. 51C) of large inner cells (20–) 25–40 (–60) µm across, cutting off small outer cells which become continuous on older parts and 2–4 cells thick (Fig. 51F) near the thallus base; longitudinal filaments peripheral only (Fig. 51D), usually with two complete cells (each with a secretory cell) and two part cells between the diaphragms(Fig. 51E); diaphragms monostromatic. Rhodoplasts discoid, in chains or ribbon like in inner cells.
Reproduction: Gametangial thalli dioecious. Carpogonial branches (Fig. 510) 4-celled, borne on inner cortical supporting cells together with a 2-celled auxiliary cell branch. Carposporophyte erect, with a basal fusion cell and branched gonimoblast filaments (Fig. 51H) with terminal ovoid to angular carposporangia 30–55 µm in diameter. Cystocarps (Fig. 52B) scattered, external, subspherical to urceolate and basally constricted, 0.7–1.3 mm in diameter; pericarp (40–) 90–180 µm and (4–) 6–10 cells thick, inner cells stellate (Fig. 51H) and separating, ostiolate. Spermatangia in sori (Fig. 52C), spreading from near the diaphragms, cut off from chains of initials (Fig. 511) on outer cortical cells, ovoid, 3–5 µm in diameter.
Tetrasporangia (Fig. 51J) scattered, transformed from inner cortical cells, 60–80 µm in diameter, tetrahedrally divided.
Type from Georgetown, Tas. (Gunn); lectotype (Reedman & Womersley 1976, p. 84) in BM.
Selected specimens: Point Sinclair, S. Aust., reef surface (Womersley, 26.i.1951; AD, A15213). Streaky Bay, S. Aust., reef pools (Parsons, 25.viii.1967; AD, A31930). Wanna, S. Aust., low eulittoral pools (Womersley, 21.viii.1967; AD, A31810). Petrel Cove, Victor Harbor, S. Aust., on Sargassum leaves, low tide level (G. & C. Kraft, 13.xii.1970; AD, A46026). Pennington Bay, Kangaroo I., S. Aust., on reef (Reedman, 13.iv.1973; AD, A42997). Muston, Kangaroo I., S. Aust., upper sublittoral (Womersley, 27,viii.1950; AD, A15380). Antechamber Bay, Kangaroo I., S. Aust., drift on Heterozostera (Womersley, 18.viii.1948; AD, A8660). Robe, S. Aust., reef surface (Womersley, 5.x.1970; AD, A37319 -"Marine Algae of southern Australia" No. 160). Cape Lannes, S. Aust., on rock platform (Reedman, 10.ii.1973; AD, A42990, A42993). Nora Creina, S. Aust., low intertidal (Reedman, 12.ii.1973; AD, A42994). Bridgewater Bay, Vic., lower eulittoral (Beauglehole, 26.xii.1950; AD, A15639). Apollo Bay, Vic., on pipeline 0–0.5 m deep (Owen, 1.ix.1971; AD, A39509). Point Lonsdale, Vic., in pools (Sinkora A930, 8.xi.1970; AD, A62613). Hinders, Vic., drift (Womersley, 25.x.1986; AD, A57837). Pilot Station, Low Head, Tas., drift (Womersley, 23.x.1986; AD, A57779). Bluestone Bay, Freycinet Pen., Tas., 10–12 m deep (Brown, McGeary & Womersley, 4.xi.1982; AD, A53979). Lady Bay, Southport, Tas., 3–5 m deep (Brown & Womersley, 28.x.1982; AD, A56525).
Distribution: Rottnest I., (Harvey), W. Aust., to Western Port, Vic., and around Tasmania. New Zealand.
Taxonomic notes: The synonymy of C. affinis has been discussed by Reedman & Womersley (1976, p. 84). It usually occurs commonly on the surface or in pools on rough-water rock platforms at low tide level, occasionally in deeper water or in relatively calm-water situations.
References:
AGARDH, J.G. (1852). Species Genera et Ordines Algarum. Vol. 2, Part 2, pp. 337–720. (Gleerup: Lund.)
AGARDH, J.G. (1876). Species Genera et Ordines Algarum. Vol. 3, Part 1 — Epicrisis systematis Floridearum, pp. i-vii, 1–724. (Weigel: Leipzig.)
CHAPMAN, V.J. & DROMGOOLE, F.I. (1970). The marine algae of New Zealand, Part III: Rhodophyceae. Issue 2: Florideophycidae: Rhodyméniales, pp. 115–154, Plates 39–50. (Cramer: Germany.)
DE TONI, G.B. (1900a). Il genere Champia Desv. Mem. Pontif. Accad. Nuovi Lincei, Roma, 17, pp. 65–80.
DE TONI, G.B. (1900b). Sylloge Algarum omnium hucusque Cognitarum. Vol. 4. Florideae. Sect. 2, pp. 387–776. (Padua.)
GUILER, E.R. (1952). The marine algae of Tasmania. Check List with localities. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 86, 71–106.
HARVEY, W.H. (1855a). Some account of the marine botany of the colony of Western Australia. Trans. R. Ir. Acad. 22, 525–566.
HARVEY, W.H. (1859b). Algae. In Hooker, J.D., The Botany of the Antarctic Voyage. HI Flora Tasmaniae. Vol. II, pp. 282–320. (Reeve: London.)
HARVEY, W.H. (1863). Phycologia Australica. Vol. 5, Plates 241–300, synop., pp. i-lxxiii. (Reeve: London.)
HOOKER, J.D. & HARVEY, W.H. (1847). Algae Tasmanicae. Lond. J. Bot. 6, 397–417.
KÜTZING, F.T. (1849). Species Algarum. (Leipzig.)
KÜTZING, F.T. (1865). Tabulae Phycologicae. Vol. 15. (Nordhausen.)
KYLIN, H. (1931). Die Florideenordnung Rhodyméniales. Lunds Univ. Årsskr. N.F. Avd. 2, 27 (11), 1–48, Plates 1–20.
LUCAS, A.H.S. & PERRIN, F. (1947). The Seaweeds of South Australia. Part 2. The Red Seaweeds. (Govt Printer: Adelaide.)
LUCAS, A.H.S. (1929b). A census of the marine algae of South Australia. Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 53, 45–53.
MAY, V. (1965). A census and key to the species of Rhodophyceae (red algae) recorded from Australia. Contr. N.S.W. natn. Herb. 3, 349–429.
REEDMAN, D.J. & WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1976). Southern Australian species of Champia and Chylocladia (Rhodyméniales: Rhodophyta). Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 100, 75–104.
REINBOLD, T. (1897). Die Algen der Lacepede und Guichen Bay und deren näherer Umgebung (Süd Australien), gesammelt von Dr. A. Engelhart-Kingston. Nuova Notarisia 8, 41–62.
REINBOLD, T. (1898). Die Algen der Lacepede und Guichen Bay (Süd Australien) und deren flatterer Umgebung, gesammelt von Dr. A. Engelhart-Kingston. II. Nuova Notarisia 9, 33–54.
REINBOLD, T. (1899). Meeresalgen von Investigator Street (Slid Australien), gesammelt von Miss Nellie Davey (Waltham, Honiton). Hedwigia 38, 39–51.
SONDER, O.W. (1853). Plantae Muellerianae. Algae. Linnaea 25, 657–709.
SONDER, O.W. (1881). In Mueller, F., Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. Supplementum ad volumen undecinum: Algae Australianae hactenus cognitae, pp. 1–42, 105–107. (Melbourne.)
TISDALL, H.T. (1898). The algae of Victoria. Rep. 7th Meet. Aust. Ass. Adv. Sci., Sydney, 1898, pp. 493–516.
WILSON, J.B. (1892). Catalogue of algae collected at or near Port Phillip Heads and Western Port. Proc. R. Soc. Vict. 4, 157–190.
WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1950). The marine algae of Kangaroo Island. III. List of Species 1. Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 73, 137–197.
WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1966). Port Phillip survey, 1957–1963: Algae. Mem. natn. Mus., Vict. No. 27, 133–156.
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIIB complete list of references.
Publication:
Womersley, H.B.S. (28 June, 1996)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Rhodophyta. Part IIIB. Gracilarialse, Rhodymeniales, Corallinales and Bonnemaisoniales
Reproduced with permission from The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIIB 1996, by H.B.S. Womersley. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Copyright Commonwealth of Australia.
Illustrations in Womersley Part IIIA, 1996: FIGS 51 C–J, 52 A–C.
Figure 51 enlarge
Fig. 51. A, B. Champia insignis. (A, AD, Al2237; B, AD, A55565). A. Section of male thallus with spermatangia. B. Transverse section of thallus with tetrasporangia. C–J. Champia affinis. (C, D, AD, A42994; E, J, AD, A42993; F, H, I, AD, A42997; G, AD, A42990). C. Longitudinal section of branch apex showing development of cortex, longitudinal filaments with secretory cells and diaphragms. D. Transverse section of a branch with a diaphragm, peripheral longitudinal filaments, and small outer cortical cells. E. Longitudinal section of a branch corresponding to D. F. Longitudinal section of an old branch with cortex several cells thick. G. Supporting cell with a carpogonial branch and auxiliary initial. H. Section of an immature cystocarp with gonimoblast from the auxiliary cell and terminal carposporangia. I. Transverse section of male thallus with spermatangia. J. Transverse section of cortex with a tetrasporangium. [After Reedman & Womersley 1976.]
Figure 52 enlarge
Fig. 52. A–C. Champia affinis. (A, AD, A42993; B, AD, A42990; C, AD, A42997). A. Habit. B. Mature cystocarp. C. Surface view of thallus with spermatangial sorus. D–F. Champia zostericola (AD, A46646). D. Habit. E. Section of cystocarp. F. Surface view of thallus with a spermatangial sorus.
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