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Electronic Flora of South Australia Family Fact Sheet
Phylum Rhodophyta – Class Florideophyceae – Order Corallinales – Family Corallinaceae
Thallus with an encrusting non-geniculate holdfast and erect, compressed or terete, dichotomous to whorled branches composed of alternating genicula and intergenicula. Structure of branches multiaxial; intergenicula with a medulla of cohering filaments in one to numerous tiers of cells, in Amphiroa with single tiers of shorter cells separated by 2–7 tiers of longer cells; genicula in Amphiroa of one to several tiers similar in structure to intergenicula (in Lithothrix of single long-celled tiers), not producing lateral branches. Apical cells with epithallial cells but without conspicuous mucilaginous caps. Secondary pit-connections formed laterally between medullary cells, often in arcs across the medulla; cell-fusions absent. Cortex of anticlinal filaments of isodiametric cells in both intergenicula and genicula.
Reproduction: Gametangial thalli monoecious or (usually) dioecious, carpogonia and spermatangia produced in separate conceptacles. Carpogonial filaments usually 2-celled, arising on the chamber floor, carposporangia terminating short gonimoblast filaments arising from a basal fusion cell. Spermatangia on short unbranched filaments on the male chamber floor.
Tetrasporangia borne on separate thalli, conceptacle roofs connected to elongate cells arising from the chamber floor among the sporangia.
Life history triphasic with isomorphic gametophytes and tetrasporophytes.
Type genus: Amphiroa Lamouroux 1812: 186.
Taxonomic notes: The Amphiroideae contains two tribes, the Amphiroeae Cabioch (1972, p. 266) with Amphiroa, and the Lithotricheae Johansen & Silva (1978, p. 415), containing only the Pacific N. American genus Lithothrix Gray, which is characterised by alternating single tiers of long genicula cells and short intergenicula cells, and an intergenicular cortex extending down over the genicula.
References:
CABIOCH, J. (1972). Étude sur les Corallinacées. II. La morphogenèse; conséquences systématiques et phylogénétiques. Cah. Biol. mar. 13, 137–288, Plates 1–12.
JOHANSEN, H.W. & SILVA, P.C. (1978). Janieae and Lithotricheae: two new tribes of articulated Corallinaceae (Rhodophyta). Phycologia 17, 413–417.
JOHANSEN, H.W. (1969). Morphology and systematics of coralline algae with special reference to Calliarthron. Univ. Calif. Pubins Bot. 49, 1–78, Plates 1–19.
LAMOUROUX, J.V.F. (1812). Sur la classification des Polypiers coralligenès non entièrement pierreux. Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 3, 181–188.
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIIB complete list of references.
Publication:
Womersley, H.B.S. (28 June, 1996)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Rhodophyta. Part IIIB. Gracilarialse, Rhodymeniales, Corallinales and Bonnemaisoniales
Reproduced with permission from The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIIB 1996, by H.B.S. Womersley. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Copyright Commonwealth of Australia.
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