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Electronic Flora of South Australia Species Fact Sheet
Phylum Chlorophyta – Order Cladophorales – Family Cladophoraceae
Selected citations: Harvey 1848: pl. 190. van den Hoek 1963: 128, figs 409–429, 433, 440; 1982: 127, figs 238–261.
Thallus (Fig. 64C) light to medium green, forming dense tufts 2–10 cm high with pseudo-dichotomous axes from a small group of rhizoids from cells in the basal region; epilithic; filaments tapering only slightly, branched from almost every cell above with often somewhat falcate and unilateral branchlets. Growth acropetal and mainly apical above, with intercalary divisions in the mid and lower thallus cells thus separating the laterals by 2–6 cells (Fig. 65E) but with new laterals often arising below intercalated cross walls; each parent cell bearing 1–2 (–3) laterals mostly at about 45'; basal cross wall of young laterals usually oblique to parent cell, later becoming almost horizontal.
Apical cells 40–70 (–80) µm in diameter, L/B 4–11, cylindrical to slightly broader in upper half, apically rounded; ultimate branch cells 40–75 µm in diameter, L/B 4–7; lower thallus cells (100–) 120–160 (–180) µm in maximum diameter, L/B 2–8 (–10); ratio of lower cell to apical cell diameters 2–3; cell walls moderately thin (2–4 µm) in apical cells, thicker below (6–10 µm).
Reproduction: Reproduction by apical and subapical cells forming zooidangia; in Europe by biflagellate gametes and quadriflagellate zoospores (van den Hoek 1963, p. 130).
Type from near Swansea, South Wales, U.K., in BM (ex K)-see van den Hoek (1963, p. 129).
Selected specimens: Baird Bay, S. Aust., upper sublittoral (Womersley, 11.ii.1954; ADU, A19443). Venus Bay, S. Aust., upper sublittoral ( Womersley, 17.i.1957; ADU, A13750). Sleaford Bay, S. Aust., reef pools (Womersley, 16.ii.1959; ADU, A22489). Ballast Head, Kangaroo I., S. Aust., lower eulittoral ( Womersley, 31.x.1947; ADU, A6103).
Distribution: Widely distributed along tropical to warm-temperate Atlantic coasts of Europe, W. Africa and America (incl. Mediterranean) (van den Hoek 1982, p. 134, map 16).
In southern Australia, from South Perth, W. Aust., to Manly, N.S.W.
Taxonomic notes: Cl. laetevirens is similar in habit and development to Cl. lehmanniana but is more slender. The apical cells are of greater diameter than those of Cl. vagabunda and the filaments of the latter increase in diameter more rapidly and to a greater extent than in Cl. laetevirens.
References:
HARVEY, W.H. (1848). Phycologia Britannica. Plates 145–216. (Reeve: London.)
KÜTZING, F.T. (1843). Phycologia generalis. (Leipzig.)
VAN DEN HOEK, C. (1963). Revision of the European species of Cladophora. (Brill: Leiden.)
VAN DEN HOEK, C. (1982). A taxonomic revision of the American species of Cladophora (Chlorophyceae) in the North Atlantic Ocean and their geographic distribution. Verh. k. Ned. Akad. Wet. Afd. Natuurkd. Tweede Reeks, Part 78.
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part I complete list of references.
Publication:
Womersley, H.B.S. (31 May, 1984)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Part I
©Board of the Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium, Government of South Australia
Illustrations in Womersley Part I, 1984: FIGS 64C, 65E.
Figure 64 enlarge
Fig. 64. A. Cladophora valonioides (ADU, A53016). B. Cladophora lehmanniana (ADU, A34858). C. Cladophora laetevirens (ADU, A22489). D. Cladophora dalmatica (ADU, A52561). E. Cladophora vagabunda (ADU, A52692).
Figure 65 enlarge
Fig. 65. A,B. Cladophora valonioides (A, Isotype in TCD; B, ADU, A50892). A. Upper branch system. B. Upper branches to same scale as C–D. C–D. Cladophora lehmanniana (C, ADU, A52670; D, ADU, A52616). C. Upper branch system. D. Upper reproductive cells. E. Cladophora laetevirens (ADU, A22489). Upper branch system. F. Cladophora dalmatica (ADU, A52561). Upper branch system. G. Cladophora vagabunda (C. van den Hoek 81/65). Upper branch system.
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