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Electronic Flora of South Australia Species Fact Sheet

Cheilosporum sagittatum (Lamouroux) Areschoug 1852: 545.

Phylum Rhodophyta – Class Florideophyceae – Order Corallinales – Family Corallinaceae – Subfamily Corallinoideae – Tribe Janieae

Selected citations: Adams 1994: 159, pl. 55 upper right. De Toni 1905: 1832. Harvey 1863: pl. 250. Johansen 1977: 178. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 396, fig. 200. Manza 1940: 292. May 1965: 356. Millar 1990: 319, fig. 10D–F. Sonder 1881: 20. Srimanobhas et al. 1990: 110. Tisdall 1898: 507.

Synonyms

Corallina sagittata Lamouroux 1824: 625, pl. 95 figs 11, 12.

Amphiroa sagittata (Lamouroux) Decaisne 1842b: 125. Harvey 1849a: 102. Kützing 1849: 704; 1858, 28, pl. 56c, d. Sonder 1848: 188.

Amphiroa elegans Hooker & Harvey in Harvey 1849a: 101, pl. 38 (lower left); 1859b: 310. Kützing 1858: 28, pl. 57a, b. Tisdall 1898: 507.

Cheilosporum elegans (Hooker & Harvey) Areschoug 1852: 546. Chapman & Parkinson 1974: 173, pls 55A, 57B. Guiler 1952: 87. Womersley 1966: 146.

Reproduction: Gametangial thalli probably dioecious. Conceptacles (Fig. 142C) slightly swollen, adaxial or terminal in the lobes with the pores opening on the upper edge or terminally. Carposporangial conceptacles unknown. Male conceptacles elongate, chamber narrow, spermatangia arising on the floor and walls.

Tetrasporangial conceptacles (Fig. 142C–E) swollen on the adaxial sides of the lobes, with the pore adaxial and usually subapical (Fig. 142C, D), lobe apices usually pointed (rarely rounded), chamber ovoid, 200–300 µm in diameter, tetrasporangia arising basally in the chamber, elongate-ovoid to clavate, 40–75 µm in diameter, zonately divided.

Type from Ile de France (Mauritius); holotype in Herb. Lamouroux, CN.

Selected specimens: Pondalowie Bay, S. Aust., drift (Womersley, 14.iv.1963; AD, A26546). Althorpe Is, S. Aust., 10–12 m deep, N side (Baldock, 4.i.1964; AD, A27227). Troubridge Point, S. Aust., 2–5 m deep (Shepherd, 7.ii.1969; AD, A33834). Port Stanvac, S. Aust., mid eulittoral pool (Clarke, 16.xii.1977; AD, A50416). Port Noarlunga, S. Aust., reef pools (Womersley, 21.x.1944; AD, A1679). Aldinga, S. Aust., outer pools (Johansen 81–10–1, 13.x.1981; AD, A52707 - "Marine Algae of southern Australia" No. 336). Penguin Rock, West I., S. Aust., 5–6 m deep (Shepherd, 28.xii.1965; AD, A35503). Lady Julia Percy I., Vic., 8–10 m deep (Shepherd, 5.i.1968; AD, A32368). Lighthouse Point, Queenscliff, Vic., 12–14 m deep (Goldsworthy, 9.ii.1990; AD, A60154). Cape Woolamai, Vic., 13 m deep (AIMS-NCI, Q66C 3519-Q, 17.ii.1990; AD, A60298). Bicheno, Tas., 17 m deep (McCauley, 26.ii.1990; AD, A60412). Marion Bay, Tas., 10 m deep (Shepherd, 13.ii.1970; AD, A35663). Long Reef, N.S.W. (I. & V. Warnock, 3.i.1935; AD, A49938 - Tilden "South Pacific Plants, Ser. 2, 331).


Distribution map based
on current data relating to
specimens held in the
State Herbarium of SA

Distribution: Mauritius; South Africa; Philippines; Brazil.

In Australia, from "Swan R." W. Aust., (Harvey 1863, pl. 250) to Coffs Harbour, N.S.W. (Millar 1990, p. 319). Northern Aust. (see Lewis 1984, p. 13).

Taxonomic notes: Thallus(Fig. 142A, B) medium red-brown, fading to grey-red, 4–10 cm high, in dense tufts of numerous erect fronds, axes and main branches dichotomously and largely complanately branched, each intergeniculum with two opposite, strongly developed, compressed, acute lobes (Fig. 142B) with upper margins (400–) 600–1300 µm long, lower margin passing to the base or to 2/3 up the intergeniculum, intergenicula 500–1250 µm long and 250–400 µm broad below the lobes. Holdfasts crustose, soon developing terete to slightly compressed, unlobed stolons 250–400 µm in diameter in an entangled mass 0.5–12 mm across; epilithic. Structure. Branch apices with a thin mucilaginous cover and without epithallial cells. Intergenicula with 5–10 (–12) arched tiers of medullary cells (Fig. 142D), extending to 18 tiers including the lobes, each tier 50–120 µm long, with lateral cell-fusions but without lateral pit-connections. Cortical filaments 5–8 cells long, cells elongate-ovoid, 6–10 µm in diameter, with short epithallial cells. Genicula 130–240 µm long. Rhodoplasts discoid.

Cheilosporum sagittatum is common on southern Australian coasts, especially in the lower Gulf region of South Australia. Lewis (1984, p. 13) gave references to records from northern Australia, Joly (1965, p. 137) gave records from Brazil, and Silva, Meñez & Moe (1987, p. 34) recorded it from the Philippines.

C. elegans, from New Zealand, seems to be indistinguishable from C. sagittatum, certainly for the southern Australian specimens.

References:

ADAMS, N.M. (1994). Seaweeds of New Zealand. (Cant. Univ. Press: Christchurch.)

ARESCHOUG, J.E. (1852). Ordo XII. Corallineae. In J.G. Agardh, "Species, Genera et Ordines Algarum". Vol. 2, Part 2, pp. 506–576. (Gleerup: Lund.)

CHAPMAN, V.J. & PARKINSON, P.G. (1974). The marine algae of New Zealand. Part III: Rhodophyceae. Issue 3: Cryptonemiales, pp. 155–278, Plates 51–94. (Cramer: Germany.)

DE TONI, G.B. (1905). Sylloge Algarum omnium hucusque Cognitarum. Vol. 4. Florideae. Sect. 4, pp. 1523–1973. (Padua.)

DECAISNE, J. (1842b). Mémoire sur les Corallines ou Polypiers calcifères. Ann. Sci. Nat., 2 Sér. Bot., 18, 96–128. ,

GUILER, E.R. (1952). The marine algae of Tasmania. Check List with localities. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 86, 71–106.

HARVEY, W.H. (1849a). Nereis Australis, pp. 65–124, Plates 26–50. (Reeve: London.)

HARVEY, W.H. (1859b). Algae. In Hooker, J.D., The Botany of the Antarctic Voyage. HI Flora Tasmaniae. Vol. II, pp. 282–320. (Reeve: London.)

HARVEY, W.H. (1863). Phycologia Australica. Vol. 5, Plates 241–300, synop., pp. i-lxxiii. (Reeve: London.)

JOHANSEN, H.W. (1977). The articulated Corallinaceae (Rhodophyta) of South Africa: 1. Cheilosporum (Decaisne)Zanardini. J. S. Afr. Bot. 43, 163–185.

JOLY, A.B. (1965). Flora Marinha do litoral none do estado de São Paulo e regiões circunvizinhas. Fac. Fil., Ciênc. e Letras da USP. Bot 21. Boletim 294.

KÜTZING, F.T. (1849). Species Algarum. (Leipzig.)

KÜTZING, F.T. (1858). Tabulae Phycologicae. Vol. 8. (Nordhausen.)

LAMOUROUX, J.V.F. (1824). Polypiers. In Quoy, J.R.C. & Gaimard, P., Zoologie, pp. 604–643, Plates 90, 91, 95. In Freycinet, L. de, Voyage autour du Monde ... Exécuté sur les corvettes de S.M. l'Uranie et la Physicienne pendant les années 1817, 1818, 1819 et 1820. (Pillet Aîné: Paris.)

LEWIS, J.A. (1984). Checklist and bibliography of benthic marine macroalgae recorded from northern Australia. I. Rhodophyta. Dept. Defence, Materials Res. Lab., Melbourne, Vic. Report MRL-R-912.

LUCAS, A.H.S. & PERRIN, F. (1947). The Seaweeds of South Australia. Part 2. The Red Seaweeds. (Govt Printer: Adelaide.)

MANZA, A.V. (1940). A revision of the genera of articulated corallines. Philip. J. Sci. 71, 239–316, Plates 1–20.

MAY, V. (1965). A census and key to the species of Rhodophyceae (red algae) recorded from Australia. Contr. N.S.W. natn. Herb. 3, 349–429.

MILLAR, A.J.K. (1990). Marine Red Algae of the Coffs Harbour Region, northern New South Wales. Aust. Syst. Bot. 3, 293–593.

SONDER, O.W. (1848). Algae. In Lehmann, C., Plantae Preissianae. Vol. 2, pp. 161–195. (Hamburg.)

SONDER, O.W. (1881). In Mueller, F., Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. Supplementum ad volumen undecinum: Algae Australianae hactenus cognitae, pp. 1–42, 105–107. (Melbourne.)

SRIMANOBHAS, V., BABA, M., AKIOKA, H., MASAKI, T. & JOHANSEN, H.W. (1990). Cheilosporum (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in Japan: a morphotaxonomic study. Phycologia 29, 103–113.

TISDALL, H.T. (1898). The algae of Victoria. Rep. 7th Meet. Aust. Ass. Adv. Sci., Sydney, 1898, pp. 493–516.

WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1966). Port Phillip survey, 1957–1963: Algae. Mem. natn. Mus., Vict. No. 27, 133–156.

The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIIB complete list of references.

Author: H.B.S. Womersley & H.W. Johansen

Publication: Womersley, H.B.S. (28 June, 1996)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Rhodophyta. Part IIIB. Gracilarialse, Rhodymeniales, Corallinales and Bonnemaisoniales
Reproduced with permission from The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIIB 1996, by H.B.S. Womersley. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Copyright Commonwealth of Australia.


Illustration in Womersley Part IIIA, 1996: FIG. 142.

Figure 142 image

Figure 142   enlarge

Fig. 142. Cheilosporum sagittatum (A–C, AD, A52707; D, E, AD, A60412). A. Habit. B. Branches showing acute lobes on intergenicula. C. Branch with tetrasporangial conceptacles. D. Longitudinal section of branch with tetrasporangial conceptacles. E. Longitudinal section of tetrasporangial conceptacle.


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