|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
|
Electronic Flora of South Australia Species Fact Sheet
Phylum Rhodophyta – Class Florideophyceae – Order Rhodymeniales – Family Champiaceae
Selected citations: Huisman & Walker 1990: 415. Millar & Kraft 1993: 30.
Synonyms
Lomentaria zostericola Harvey 1855a: 545; 1863, synop.: xxvi. J. Agardh 1876: 632. Gastroclonium ?zostericolum (Harvey) De Toni 1900b: 567.
Chylocladia zostericola (Harvey) Kylin 1931: 30. May 1965: 362.
Chylocladia affinis var. arcuata Hooker & Harvey 1847: 402.
Champia affinis var. arcuata (Hooker & Harvey) Womersley 1966: 150. >Lomentaria affinis sensu Kützing 1865: 31, pl. 86d-f. Sonder 1855: 523.
Champia affinis sensu King et al. 1971: 122. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 206, fig. 71. May 1965: 362. Womersley 1950: 176.
Champia parvula sensu Harvey 1855a: 545 (in part).
Thallus (Fig. 52D) grey-red to medium red, forming irregular spreading clumps 6–20 cm high, with one to several erect axes or main branches from an entangled base. Branching irregularly radial, main branches terete, 1.5–3 (–5) mm in diameter, laterals only slightly slenderer, branchlets 0.5–2 mm in diameter, slightly basally constricted, apices rounded, young and mid branches constricted at diaphragms (which are distinct throughout), less so in oldest parts; mature plants with some to many branches ending in recurved tips. Holdfasts small, discoid, or as multicellular pads; epiphytic on seagrasses (Posidonia, Heterozostera and Amphibolis) or epilithic(?). Structure multiaxial with peripheral initials (Fig. 53A, B), developing a single-layered cortex of relatively large angular cells 40–60 (–75) µm across and mostly (1.5–) 2–4 times as long as broad, arranged more or less in longitudinal rows (Fig. 53D) with most cutting off a small corner cell when young and further such cells when older, but maintaining an essentially single-layered cortex; longitudinal filaments peripheral only (rarely with odd ones more centrally), with one complete cell (with a secretory cell) and two half cells between the monostromatic diaphragms (Fig. 53C). Rhodoplasts discoid, in chains or ribbon like in older cells.
Reproduction: Gametangial thalli dioecious. Carpogonial branches (Fig. 53E) 4-celled, borne on a cortical cell together with a 2-celled auxiliary cell branch. Carposporophyte (Fig. 53F) erect, with a basal fusion cell, branched ovoid-celled gonimoblast filaments and terminal ovoid to obconical carposporangia 20–40 µm in diameter; basal nutritive tissue slight, erect filaments of stellate cells. Cystocarps (Fig. 52E) scattered, subspherical to slightly conical, 0.7–1 mm in diameter; pericarp 90–160 µm and 2–4 cells thick, inner cells stellate and separating, ostiolate. Spermatangia in son (Fig. 52F), often collar like, on smaller branches, cut off from chains of initials derived from the cortical cells, elongate, 2–4 µm in diameter.
Tetrasporangia (Fig. 53G) scattered, transformed form cortical cells, 60–100 µm in diameter, tetrahedrally divided.
Type from Rottnest I., W. Aust. (Harvey, Tray. Set 195); lectotype (Reedman & Womersley 1976, p. 87) in Herb. Harvey, TCD.
Selected specimens: Coronation Group, Abrolhos Is, W. Aust. (Sammy, 24.viii.1970; AD, A43835). Point Peron, W. Aust., drift (Gordon, 15.xi.1968; AD, A34256). Egg I., Isles of St Francis, S. Aust., 32–38 m deep (Shepherd, 11.i.1971; AD, A38048). Waldegrave I., S. Aust., 22 m deep (Shepherd, 23.x.1970; AD, A37408). Off Crag Point, N Spencer Gulf, S. Aust., 15 m deep (Shepherd, 6.xi.1974; AD, A46046). Marino, S. Aust., drift (Womersley, 26.x.1975; AD, A46646 -"Marine Algae of southern Australia" No. 174). Port Noarlunga, S. Aust., 7 m deep on pylons (Kraft, 15.iii.1973; AD, A43556). Vivonne Bay, Kangaroo I., S. Aust., 0–5 m deep (Kraft & Min-Thein, 4.xii.1971; AD, A41404). American R., Kangaroo I., S. Aust., drift at jetty (Womersley, 25.viii.1963; AD, A26766). Robe, S. Aust., 8 m deep (P. Womersley, 24.viii.1973; AD, A43967). Point Roadknight, Vic., drift (Sinkora A1406, 29.xi.1971; AD, A43196). Point Lonsdale, Vic., drift (Sinkora A1175, 8.xi.1970; AD, A62612). Flinders, Western Port, Vic., drift (Sinkora A1727, 16.xi.1972; AD, A53436). Walkerville, Vic., drift (Sinkora A2653, 23.xi.1979; AD, A61052). Low Head, Tas. (Perrin, Feb. 1940; AD, A8944). Lady Bay, Southport, Tas., 3–5 m deep (Brown & Womersley, 28.x.1982; AD, A56522).
Distribution: Houtman Abrolhos, W. Aust., to Port Stephens, N.S.W. (Millar & Kraft 1993, p. 30), and around Tasmania.
Taxonomic notes: C. zostericola is a common species in regions of moderate water movement, usually epiphytic on Amphibolis, Posidonia and Heterozostera, from shaded shallow areas to 40 m deep. The synonymy was discussed by Reedman & Womersley (1976, p. 87).
References:
AGARDH, J.G. (1876). Species Genera et Ordines Algarum. Vol. 3, Part 1 — Epicrisis systematis Floridearum, pp. i-vii, 1–724. (Weigel: Leipzig.)
DE TONI, G.B. (1900b). Sylloge Algarum omnium hucusque Cognitarum. Vol. 4. Florideae. Sect. 2, pp. 387–776. (Padua.)
HARVEY, W.H. (1855a). Some account of the marine botany of the colony of Western Australia. Trans. R. Ir. Acad. 22, 525–566.
HARVEY, W.H. (1863). Phycologia Australica. Vol. 5, Plates 241–300, synop., pp. i-lxxiii. (Reeve: London.)
HOOKER, J.D. & HARVEY, W.H. (1847). Algae Tasmanicae. Lond. J. Bot. 6, 397–417.
HUISMAN, J.M. & WALKER, D.I. (1990). A catalogue of the marine plants of Rottnest Island, Western Australia, with notes on their distribution and biogeography. Kingia 1, 349–459.
KÜTZING, F.T. (1865). Tabulae Phycologicae. Vol. 15. (Nordhausen.)
KING, R.J., BLACK, J.H. & DUCKER, S.C. (1971). Intertidal ecology of Port Phillip Bay with systematic lists of plants and animals. Mem. Nat. Mus. Vic. 32, 93–128, charts 1, 2.
KYLIN, H. (1931). Die Florideenordnung Rhodyméniales. Lunds Univ. Årsskr. N.F. Avd. 2, 27 (11), 1–48, Plates 1–20.
LUCAS, A.H.S. & PERRIN, F. (1947). The Seaweeds of South Australia. Part 2. The Red Seaweeds. (Govt Printer: Adelaide.)
MAY, V. (1965). A census and key to the species of Rhodophyceae (red algae) recorded from Australia. Contr. N.S.W. natn. Herb. 3, 349–429.
MILLAR, A.J.K. & KRAFT, G.T. (1993). Catalogue of Marine and Freshwater Red Algae (Rhodophyta) of New South Wales, including Lord Howe Island, South-western Pacific. Aust. Syst. Bot. 6, 1–90.
REEDMAN, D.J. & WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1976). Southern Australian species of Champia and Chylocladia (Rhodyméniales: Rhodophyta). Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 100, 75–104.
SONDER, O.W. (1855). Algae annis 1852 et 1853 collectae. Linnaea 26, 506–528.
WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1950). The marine algae of Kangaroo Island. III. List of Species 1. Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 73, 137–197.
WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1966). Port Phillip survey, 1957–1963: Algae. Mem. natn. Mus., Vict. No. 27, 133–156.
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIIB complete list of references.
Publication:
Womersley, H.B.S. (28 June, 1996)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Rhodophyta. Part IIIB. Gracilarialse, Rhodymeniales, Corallinales and Bonnemaisoniales
Reproduced with permission from The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIIB 1996, by H.B.S. Womersley. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Copyright Commonwealth of Australia.
Illustrations in Womersley Part IIIA, 1996: FIGS 52 D–F, 53 A–G.
Figure 52 enlarge
Fig. 52. A–C. Champia affinis. (A, AD, A42993; B, AD, A42990; C, AD, A42997). A. Habit. B. Mature cystocarp. C. Surface view of thallus with spermatangial sorus. D–F. Champia zostericola (AD, A46646). D. Habit. E. Section of cystocarp. F. Surface view of thallus with a spermatangial sorus.
Figure 53 enlarge
Fig. 53. A–G. Champia zostericola. (A–C, E, F, AD, A43556; D, AD, A46646; G, AD, A34256). A. Surface view of branch apex with ring of apical cells. B. Cross section of a branch with diaphragm and peripheral longitudinal filaments. C. Longitudinal section of branch showing cortex, diaphragms and longitudinal filaments with secretory cells. D. Surface view of cortical cells. E. Supporting cell with 4-celled carpogonial branch and 2-celled auxiliary cell branch. F. Young cystocarp and carposporophyte. G. A mature tetrasporangium. H–N. Champia parvula var. amphibolis. (H, I, M, AD, A41276; J, N, AD, A37291; K, L, AD, A38255). H. Transverse section of branch showing diaphragm, cortex and peripheral longitudinal filaments. I. Longitudinal section of branch with single-layered cortex, longitudinal filaments with secretory cells and diaphragms. J. Longitudinal section of older axis with a two (-3) layered cortex. K. Post-fertilization stage with union between auxiliary cell and carpogonial branch cell. L. Cystocarp with young carposporophyte. M. Section of male thallus with spermatangia. N. Mature tetrasporangium in cortex. [After Reedman & Womersley 1976.]
|
Email Contact: State Herbarium of South Australia |
|
