|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
|
Electronic Flora of South Australia Species Fact Sheet
Phylum Rhodophyta – Class Florideophyceae – Order Acrochaetiales – Family Acrochaetiaceae
Synonyms
Chantransia polyidis Rosenvinge 1909: 132, figs 59,60.
Acrochaetium polyidis (Rosenvinge) Boergesen 1915: 59. Garbary 1987: 139.
Colaconema polyidis (Rosenvinge) Woelkerling 1971: 49, figs 19, 27A.
Thallus (Fig. 14F) largely endophytic, sporelings unknown. Prostrate system (Fig. 14F) consisting of sparingly and irregularly branched discrete filaments creeping between the utricles of Codium. Cells of prostrate filaments cylindrical, (12–) 18–24 (–36) µm in diameter and 40–75 (–120) µm long, L/D 1.5–5 (–6), each cell containing a single parietal lobate to highly dissected rhodoplast with one pyrenoid. Erect filaments (Fig. 14F) 100–500 µm high, simple or sparingly and irregularly branched. Cells (Fig. 14F, G) cylindrical, (6–) 10–18 (–24) µm in diameter and (12–) 20–60 (–100) µm long, L/D 1.5–5 (–8), with smaller cells near the apices; rhodoplasts (Fig. 14G) dissected, less so in upper cells. Hairs unknown.
Reproduction: Monosporangia (Fig. 14F) ovoid, 12–14 µm in diameter and 18–23 µm long, solitary or in pairs, terminal or lateral, sessile or stalked.
Tetrasporangia (Fig. 14H) ovoid, (13–) 18–21 µm in diameter, (19–) 25–30 µm long, cruciately divided.
Other reproductive structures unknown.
Type from Tonneberg Banke, Denmark; holotype in C.
Selected specimens: Wanna, S. Aust., in Codium galeatum, drift (Woelkerling, 15.v.1968; AD, A32307). Daly Head, S. Aust., in C. australicum, drift (Parsons, 26.iii.1967; AD, A31445). Marino, S. Aust., in C. muelleri, drift (Womersley, 21.v.1953; AD, A18660). Christies Beach, S. Aust., in C. muelleri, drift (Woelkerling, 2.iii.1968; AD, A32260). Port Elliot, S. Aust., in C. galeatum, drift (Woelkerling, 6.x.1967; AD, A31302). Nora Creina, S. Aust., in C. duthieae, upper sublittoral (Woelkerling, 9.ii.1968; AD, A32255) and in C. australicum, drift (Woelkerling, 9.ii.I968; AD, A32254). Rocky Cape, Tas., in C. australicum, upper sublittoral pools (Wollaston & Mitchell. 24.ii.1964; AD, A27654).
Distribution: Denmark.
In southern Australia, from Wanna to Nora Creina, S. Aust., and Rocky Cape, Tasmania.
Taxonomic notes: Southern Australian plants of Audouinella polyidis are more robust than those originally described by Rosenvinge (1909), but otherwise appear to be identical to them. Rhodoplast structure is quite complex and some are so dissected as to appear reticulate.
A. polyidis is closely related to Acrochaetium immersum (Rosenvinge) Hamel and may not be distinct; these species were described in the same publication. Magne & Abdel-Rahman (1983) have also shown that A. polyidis tetraspores develop into gametophytes corresponding to Helminthora divaricata and they suggest the Australian plants may be the tetrasporophyte of H. australis or H. lindaueri; further studies on A. polyidis in southern Australia are clearly necessary.
References:
BOERGESEN, F. (1915). The marine algae of the Danish West Indies. Part 3. Rhodophyceae. Dansk bot. Ark. 3, 1–80.
GARBARY, D.J. (1987). The Acrochaetiaceae (Rhodophyta): An annotated bibliography. Bibl. Phycol. 77, 1–267.
MAGNE, F. & ABDEL-RAHMAN, M.H. (1983). La nature exacte de l'Acrochaetium polyidis (Rhodophycées, Acrochaetiales). Cryptogamie, Algol. 4, 21–35.
ROSENVINGE, L.K. (1909). The marine algae of Denmark. Part 1. Introduction. Rhodophyceae. 1. (Bangiales and Némalionales). K. danske Vidensk. Selsk. Biol. Skr., 7 Raekke, Afd. 7, 1–151, Plates 1, 2,2 maps.
WOELKERLING, W.J. (1971). Morphology and taxonomy of the Audouinella complex (Rhodophyta) in southern Australia. Aust. J. Bot. Suppl. 1, 1–91.
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIIA complete list of references.
Publication:
Womersley, H.B.S. (14 January, 1994)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Rhodophyta. Part IIIA, Bangiophyceae and Florideophyceae (to Gigartinales)
Reproduced with permission from The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIIA 1994, by H.B.S. Womersley. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Copyright Commonwealth of Australia.
Illustration in Womersley Part IIIA, 1994: FIG. 14 F–H.
Figure 14 enlarge
Fig. 14. A–E. Audouinella blumii (AD, A32121). A. Habit of plant with monosporangia, showing slender prostrate system and erect filaments. B. Cell of prostrate system with rhodoplast. C. Two cells of erect filaments with rhodoplasts. D. Branch bearing a stalked carpogonium. E. Nearly mature carposporophyte. F–H. Audouinella polyidis (F, G, AD, A32255; H, AD, A18660). F. Thallus with prostrate system and erect filaments bearing monosporangia. G. Cells with dissected rhodoplasts and single pyrenoids. H. Short erect filaments bearing mature and young tetrasporangia. [A–E, G, H after Woelkerling 1971.]
|
Email Contact: State Herbarium of South Australia |
|
