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Electronic Flora of South Australia Species Fact Sheet
Phylum Rhodophyta – Order Ceramiales – Family Ceramiaceae – Tribe Monosporeae
Selected citations: Huisman & Gordon-Mills 1994: 85,88, figs 7,20–23. Silva et al. 1996: 374.
Thallus (Fig. 145A) erect, 3 mm to 4 cm high, red-brown, slender and much branched subdichotomously, arising from short prostrate filaments attached by septate rhizoids; epilithic, on timber, or epiphytic on Sporochnus. Structure. Apical cells 10–25 µm in diameter and L/D 4–7, median cells 40–60 µm in diameter and L/D 3–5, lower and prostrate filament cells 50–130 µm in diameter and L/D 2–4. Cells multinucleate; rhodoplasts elongate, ribbon like in larger cells.
Reproduction: Propagules (Fig. 145B, D) 2-celled, ovoid with the upper cell larger and 90–120 µm in diameter, borne on a short stalk cell on the upper end of branch cells.
Gametophytes dioecious. Procarps (Fig. 146A) borne on the subapical cell of short 2-celled axes, with the hypogenous cell bearing an elongate lateral cell. Subapical cell with 3 periaxial cells, one (the supporting cell) bearing a 4-celled carpogonial branch and a sterile cell. Post-fertilization, 2 auxiliary cells are cut-off from the supporting cell and the opposite periaxial cell, and via connecting cells each develops 2 or 3 sequential gonimolobes 80–150 µm across, with ovoid carposporangia 16–30 µm in diameter. Carpogonial branch cells fuse and sterile cells of the procarp (apical, sterile periaxial and supporting sterile cells) produce 1–3 branched inner involucral filaments (Fig. 145C) which envelop the carposporophyte (Fig. 146B). Spermatangial heads (Fig. 146C) occur on adaxial ends of median thallus cells, elongate-ovoid, 25–35 µm in diameter.
Polysporangia (Fig. 145D) occur on the upper end of cells, subspherical, 40–60 µm in diameter, with 8 spores.
Type from Portsea Pier, Port Phillip Bay, Vic. (Huisman, 29.viii.1980); holotype in MELU, 23826.
Selected specimens: Hopetoun, W. Aust., on Sporochnus, 3–4 m deep (Kraft, 16.viii.1979; MELU). Daly Head, Yorke Pen., S. Aust., on Sporochnus radiciformis, drift (Woelkerling, 26.iii.1967; AD. A31408). Warrnambool, Vic., on S. radiciformis, drift (Kraft, 11.ii.1984; MELU, Kraft 7440). Flinders, Western Port, Vic., on pier (Huisman & Gabrielson, 3.ix.1981; MELU, 24020).
Distribution: Hopetoun, W. Aust., to Western Port, Victoria.
References:
HUISMAN, J.M. & GORDON-MILLS, E.M. (1994). A proposal to resurrect the tribe Monosporeae Schmitz et Hauptfleisch, with a description of Tanakaella itonoi sp. nov. (Ceramiaceae, Rhodophyta) from southern and western Australia. Phycologia 33, 81–90.
HUISMAN, J.M. & KRAFT, G.T. (1982). Deucalion gen. nov. and Anisoschizus gen. nov. (Ceramiaceae, Ceramiales), two new propagule-forming red algae from southern Australia. .1. Phycol.18, 177–192.
HUISMAN, J.M. & KRAFT, G.T. (1992). Disposal of auxiliary cell haploid nuclei during post-fertilisation development in Guiryella repens gen. et sp. nov. (Ceramiaceae, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 31(2), 127–137.
SILVA, P.C., BASSON, P.W. & MOE, R.L. (1996). Catalogue of the Benthic Marine Algae of the Indian Ocean. (University of California Press: Berkeley, Los Angeles & London.)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIIC complete list of references.
Publication:
Womersley, H.B.S. (24 December, 1998)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Rhodophyta. Part IIIC. Ceramiales – Ceramiaceae, Dasyaceae
©State Herbarium of South Australia, Government of South Australia
Illustrations in Womersley Part IIIA, 1998: FIGS 145 A–D, 146 A–C.
Figure 145 enlarge
Fig. 145. A–D. Anisoschizus propaguli (A, B, D, MELU, 23826; C, MELU, Kraft7440). A. Habit of holotype. B. A 2-celled propagule. C. Carposporophyte with 2 gonimolobes and involucral filaments. D. Filaments with a young propagule, a mature polysporangium and a juvenile one (lower right) at the tetra stage. E, F, Tanakaella itonoi (AD, A37361). E. Habit of holotype on Kallymenia cribrosa. F. Filaments with propagules. (A, B, D, as in Huisman & Kraft 1982, courtesy of J. Phycol.; C, E, F, as in Huisman & Gordon-Mills 1994, courtesy of Phycologia.)
Figure 146 enlarge
Fig. 146.A–C. Anisoschizus propaguli (MELU, Kraft7440). A. A procarp. B. Developing carposporophyte with 2 auxiliary cells each bearing 2 gonimolobes, with involucral filaments from the sterile cells. C. Longitudinal section of a spermatangial head. D–H. Tanakaella itonoi (AD, A37361). D. Filaments with immature propagules. E. A mature propagule with discoid basal cell. F. A mature procarp, the subapical cell bearing 2 periaxial cells plus the supporting cell and carpogonial branch. G. Carposporophyte with a mature gonimolobe and 2 gonimolobe initials. H. Filament with 2 spermatangial heads. I, J. Guiryella repens (MELU, A38705-38728). I. A mature procarp. J. A mature carposporophyte. (A–H, as in Huisman & Gordon-Mills 1994, courtesy of Phycologia; I,J, as in Huisman & Kraft 1982, courtesy of J. Phycol.)
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